电球
等级: (1–20)
消耗: (5–21) 点魔力
施放间隔: 0.65 秒
攻击暴击率: 6.00%
伤害效用: 190%
投射物速度: 420
需求 等级 (1–70), (10–155) 智慧
施放出多颗变幻莫测的电球,这些电球将会随机移动直到撞到敌人或是自然消失.
造成 (1–104) - (28–1983) 闪电伤害
基础持续时间为 2
发射 (4–8) 个投射物

品质额外效果:
发射投射物 +(0–2)
将其放置于物品上同样颜色的插槽来获得这项技能。点击右键从插槽中移除。
Spark
使命 /1 ⍟
等级效果 /40
固定
基础持续时间为 2
等级需求等级智慧消耗造成 1 - 28 闪电伤害发射 4 个投射物经验值
111051, 284, 170
221252, 324, 1308
341662, 404, 11,554
472273, 544, 16,667
5113174, 765, 126,047
6164196, 1105, 149,725
72050108, 1455, 195,714
824581110, 1885, 1169,595
928671113, 2395, 1283,759
1032751216, 3016, 1453,996
1136831320, 3766, 1703,128
1240921425, 4666, 11,061,223
13441001530, 5736, 12,065,870
14481091637, 7027, 12,507,110
15521171745, 8557, 15,798,936
16561251855, 10377, 115,083,919
17601341966, 12537, 127,792,735
18641422079, 15097, 143,869,739
19671482191, 17318, 1242,081,556
207015521104, 19838, 1
217222114, 21708, 1
227422125, 23738, 1
237623136, 25938, 1
247823149, 28328, 1
258024163, 30919, 1
268224178, 33739, 1
278425194, 36789, 1
288625211, 40099, 1
298826230, 43689, 1
309026250, 47589, 1
319126261, 49659, 1
329227273, 518010, 1
339327284, 540410, 1
349427297, 563710, 1
359527309, 588010, 1
369627323, 613210, 1
379728337, 639510, 1
389828351, 666910, 1
399928366, 695310, 1
4010028382, 725011, 1
Attribute /8

电球

KeyValue
CostiLvl 1: 普通: 1x知识卷轴
关键字Hit, 增益
BaseType 电球
Class 技能宝石
TargetTypes地面, 敌人
Type法术, 投射物, 玩家投射物, 伤害, 持续时间, 陷阱技能, 图腾技能, 地雷技能, 法术可重复, 可触发, 闪电, 可齐射
ItemTypeMetadata/Items/Gems/SkillGemSpark
Referencepoe.ninja, Community Wiki
古神熔炉 武器 /2
比重Desc
1000 (T5)当你拥有电能释放法术图腾时,由图腾施放的电球持续时间提高 50%
当你拥有电球法术图腾时,图腾施放的电能释放强力脉冲间隔的脉冲次数降低 1
1000 (T5)当你拥有电能释放法术图腾时,由图腾施放的电球持续时间提高 100%
当你拥有电球法术图腾时,图腾施放的电能释放强力脉冲间隔的脉冲次数降低 2
电球 怪物 /69 ⍟
名字词缀幽魂
长须术师施法速度减慢 50%Y
羊人唤空者施法速度减慢 50%Y
玛拉凯的启蒙undead description [1]Y
雷能枯灵undead description [1]
monster casts spark text [1]
Y
伪神库度古Y
邪神卢库库monster dropped item quantity +% [4000]
monster dropped item rarity +% [1000]
Y
充能图腾skill art variation [2]
base projectile ground effect duration [3000]
projectiles drop ground lightning [1]
Y
高塔波波弱+5 召唤图腾数量上限
totem art variation [1]
damage vs tiki totems +% [300]
怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
乌旗守卫法师20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
Y
威吓者雷拳奥克塔维亚图腾的生命提高 71%
totem art variation [2]
+5 召唤图腾数量上限
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
Y
奥瑞亚的美德totem art variation [2]
+5 召唤图腾数量上限
图腾的生命提高 857%
怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
日耀斗士获得额外火焰伤害, 其数值等同于物理伤害的 100%Y
酷刑乌旗守卫20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
is map boss underling monster [1]
Y
回复石像Y
图书馆长特里尼安Y
知识之力怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
雷鸣之骸怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
corpse cannot be destroyed [1]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
恐惧之雷获得额外闪电伤害, 其数值等同于物理伤害的 25%
怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
+5 召唤图腾数量上限
图腾的生命提高 857%
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
绝域之偶怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
全域暴击率提高 300%
+65% 全域暴击伤害加成
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
暴风之兆佐里欧克怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
monster penalty against minions damage +% final vs player minions [-20]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
乌旗守卫之雷怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
缇娜雯monster base type attack cast speed +% and damage -% final [33]Y
缇娜雯monster base type attack cast speed +% and damage -% final [33]
生命上限提高 100%
效果区域扩大 100%
角色体型增大 80%
Y
女巫残影你的魔蛊有无限的持续时间
你能施加一个额外诅咒
30% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 15% 伤害
Y
恶魔首领+2 召唤图腾数量上限Y
恶魔Y
风暴祭者undead description [1]
monster casts spark text [1]
monster no drops or experience [1]
Y
巨潮之神谢克+2 召唤图腾数量上限
monster dropped item rarity +% [0]
移动速度加快 50%
施法速度加快 35%
图腾的生命提高 500%
monster additional quantity of dropped items in cruel +% [500]
monster additional quantity of dropped items in merciless +% [1000]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in cruel +% [750]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in merciless +% [1500]
monster no map drops [1]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
Y
巨潮之神谢克+2 召唤图腾数量上限
monster dropped item rarity +% [0]
移动速度加快 50%
施法速度加快 35%
图腾的生命提高 500%
monster no map drops [1]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
Y
巨潮之神谢克+2 召唤图腾数量上限
monster dropped item rarity +% [0]
移动速度加快 50%
施法速度加快 35%
图腾的生命提高 500%
monster additional quantity of dropped items in cruel +% [500]
monster additional quantity of dropped items in merciless +% [1000]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in cruel +% [750]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in merciless +% [1500]
monster no map drops [1]
monster is invasion boss [1]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
Y
瓦尔雷电之卫monster casts spark text [1]Y
启示之雷依芙坎妲图腾的生命提高 71%
totem art variation [2]
+5 召唤图腾数量上限
monster dropped item quantity +% [300]
monster dropped item rarity +% [800]
monster additional quantity of dropped items in cruel +% [300]
monster additional quantity of dropped items in merciless +% [600]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in cruel +% [300]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in merciless +% [600]
display monster uses far shot text [0]
monster reverse point blank damage -% at minimum range [30]
monster penalty against minions damage +% final vs player minions [-30]
monster no map drops [1]
monster is invasion boss [1]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
Y
焚书者monster dropped item quantity +% [300]
monster dropped item rarity +% [800]
移动速度减慢 25%
monster no map drops [1]
陷阱在投掷后不能造成伤害的时间 +4
地雷在投掷后不会受到伤害的时间 +4
monster is invasion boss [1]
kill traps mines and totems on death [1]
Y
基克基monster dropped item quantity +% [300]
monster dropped item rarity +% [800]
图腾的生命提高 500%
monster additional quantity of dropped items in cruel +% [500]
monster additional quantity of dropped items in merciless +% [1000]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in cruel +% [750]
monster additional rarity of dropped items in merciless +% [1500]
monster no map drops [1]
monster is invasion boss [1]
Y
塔依图腾的生命提高 500%
monster no map drops [1]
Y
复苏密骸monster casts spark text [1]
施法速度加快 35%
monster no map drops [1]
Y
苦痛恶魔monster penalty against minions damage +% final vs player minions [-20]Y
苦痛恶魔monster penalty against minions damage +% final vs player minions [-25]Y
失魄军团monster no map drops [1]Y
布琳洛特慰言者monster no map drops [1]
20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
cannot have affliction mods [1]
Y
不稳定之书base projectile ground effect duration [3000]
projectiles drop ground lightning [1]
免疫晕眩
Y
凤凰守卫怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
获得额外火焰伤害, 其数值等同于物理伤害的 100%
行动速度不能调整至低于基础值的 70%
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
dropped items have influence type [1]
monster dropped item quantity +% final for influenced monster [-80]
Y
纯净之神怪物提供的经验值提高 250%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
Y
纯净之神cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
怪物提供的经验值提高 250%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
Y
洁净之光cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
洁净之光怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [2000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
雷霆之碑Y
恶魔奴隶Y
裂界守卫:寂灭怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
行动速度不能调整至低于基础值的 70%
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
dropped items have influence type [2]
monster dropped item quantity +% final for influenced monster [-80]
Y
暗夜毒蝎中毒持续时间延长 100%
击中时使目标中毒
Y
暗夜沙蝎Y
大地之须Y
墓穴行者Y
黑吼,至尊潜踪者cannot be used as minion [1]N
奥库娜,漆黑丝克玛monster ignores delve darkness mechanic [1]
怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
腐蚀毒蛇monster ignores delve darkness mechanic [1]Y
菌潮定罪者复原闪电防御塔
有几率免疫冰冻
有几率免疫冰缓
有几率免疫点燃
不受感电影响
Y
菌潮法师20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
Y
菌潮之音伊登20% 法术伤害格挡几率
被格挡的击中对你造成 10% 伤害
怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item quantity +% [1500]
monster dropped item rarity +% [2000]
无法被击退
Y
救赎者维利塔妮娅怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
行动速度不能调整至低于基础值的 70%
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
dropped items have influence type [4]
monster dropped item quantity +% final for influenced monster [-80]
Y
救赎者维利塔妮娅怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item rarity +% [15000]
行动速度不能调整至低于基础值的 70%
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
monster no drops or experience [1]
Y
潜伏之炎Y
荒野头狼monster beyond portal chance +% final [-66]
monster hellscape charge +% [-66]
Y
绯红魔导士Y
铸炼刺魔Y
裂隙勇士拉阔斯怪物提供的经验值提高 100%
monster dropped item quantity +% [1500]
monster dropped item rarity +% [2000]
获得额外火焰伤害, 其数值等同于物理伤害的 100%
行动速度不能调整至低于基础值的 70%
cannot be stunned for ms after stun finished [4000]
cannot be stunned while stunned [1]
Y
残次运势之魂Y
运势之魂Y
完美运势之魂Y
商城 /4 ⍟
电球:迷踪雷蛛
将技能【电球】的特效替换为一群飘忽不定的迷踪雷蛛。
电球:神兵
改变电球的效果。
电球:众星
改变电球的效果。
电球:虚空
将电球变为虚空效果
迷宫 附魔 helmet /7 ⍟
等级名字词缀比重
无情帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Damage 1【电球】的伤害提高 25%100
终极帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Damage 2【电球】的伤害提高 40%100
无情帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Num Of Additional Projectiles 1【电球】可以额外发射 2 个投射物100
终极帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Num Of Additional Projectiles 2【电球】可以额外发射 3 个投射物100
终极帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Projectile Fire in Circle 1【电球】以环状方式发射投射物100
无情帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Projectile Speed 1【电球】投射物速度加快 20%
终极帝王试炼Enchantment Spark Projectile Speed 2【电球】投射物速度加快 30%
被辅助 /99 ⍟
图示名字
附加火焰伤害(辅)
高阶多重投射(辅)
低阶多重投射(辅)
快速投射(辅)
附加冰霜伤害(辅)
附加闪电伤害(辅)
提高暴击几率(辅)
提高暴击伤害(辅)
击退(辅)
生命偷取(辅)
附加混沌伤害(辅)
击晕(辅)
穿透(辅)
陷阱(辅)
物品稀有度增幅(辅)
快速施法(辅)
持续时间延长(辅)
寒冰转烈焰(辅)
几率点燃(辅)
元素扩散(辅)
终结(辅)
钢铁意志(辅)
法术图腾(辅)
链爆地雷(辅)
几率逃跑(辅)
致盲(辅)
火焰穿透(辅)
冰霜穿透(辅)
闪电穿透(辅)
元素穿透(辅)
连锁(辅)
分裂(辅)
投射物归返(辅)
施法回响(辅)
暴击获得暴击球(辅)
增加燃烧伤害(辅)
蛊咒(辅)
投射物减速(辅)
持续时间缩短(辅)
死亡时施放(辅)
受伤时施放(辅)
晕眩时施放(辅)
减少格挡几率(辅)
物理转闪电(辅)
霜咬(辅)
急冻(辅)
闪电支配(辅)
毒化(辅)
虚空操纵(辅)
精准破坏(辅)
极速腐化(辅)
元素集中(辅)
点燃扩散(辅)
低阶毒化(辅)
致命异常状态(辅)
腐蚀(辅)
效能(辅)
猛毒(辅)
献祭(辅)
异常爆发(辅)
残暴(辅)
秘术增强(辅)
齐射(辅)
召唤幻影(辅)
彻骨(辅)
能量偷取(辅)
释出(辅)
高爆地雷(辅)
高阶齐射(辅)
附加火焰伤害(强辅)
残暴(强辅)
增加燃烧伤害(强辅)
火焰穿透(强辅)
附加冰霜伤害(强辅)
连锁(强辅)
冰霜穿透(强辅)
致命异常状态(强辅)
分裂(强辅)
高阶多重投射(强辅)
极速腐化(强辅)
虚空操纵(强辅)
附加混沌伤害(强辅)
附加闪电伤害(强辅)
精准破坏(强辅)
蛊咒【强辅】
元素集中(强辅)
闪电穿透(强辅)
施法回响(强辅)
异常爆发(强辅)
释出(强辅)
大法师(辅)
会心一击(辅)
三位一体(辅)
凌厉(辅)
过载(辅)
碎影魔刃(辅)
吞噬(辅)
牺牲(辅)
凌虐(辅)
电球 传奇 /1 ⍟
闪电伤害提高 (10–15)%
若范围内含有 40 点智慧,【电球】会发射 个额外投射物
若范围内至少有 40 点智慧,【电球】以环状方式发射投射物

Community Wiki

Edit

Spark

Spark is a lightning spell that launches unpredictable sparks that move randomly until they hit an enemy.

Skill functions and interactions

  • Duration: Spark duration determines how long spark projectiles will persist, and is increased by both skill duration passives and support.

  • Ricochets: Spark projectiles will bounce off of terrain obstructions and edges for as long as they persist. If a spark projectile strikes a mob, it will be absorbed unless it can pierce.

  • A single cast of Spark can hit an enemy once every 0.66 second (after patch 2.3). Keep in mind this is per cast, not per projectile. So without any increase in duration, a single cast can hit an enemy thrice with the base duration of 2 seconds. That is why projectile speed and increased duration can result in significant increases in real DPS.

  • When an enemy is hit with a Spark projectile, projectiles from the same cast will go through that enemy without damaging it, as if it wasn't there (until the enemy can be hit again with the same cast which happens after 0.66 second).

  • There is no guaranteed distance or time the projectiles will go straight, but they are guaranteed to go forward if there are no obstacles.

  • After patch 2.3 Spark projectiles now destroy themselves after travelling 150 units from the character. It should be noted that it's entirely possible for infinite-duration sparks to bounce/circle around within that radius, and never leave it. In general, sparks will be more likely to stay within the radius in an enclosed space with walls to bounce off, and more likely to leave it in open areas.

Immunity to Spark

Spark projectiles travel on the ground and as such all flying enemies are immune to spark. Currently, flying monsters (which not only appear to be flying, such as Ribbons, are:

It is therefore advised you have a secondary skill that can hit these monsters.

Spark Duration and Cast Speed

Given the current cast speed of 0.65 seconds, and the lifetime of the Spark is 2 seconds, you can get about 18 sparks into play before the initial sparks expire. 2 seconds / 0.65 seconds = 3.07 casts or 18 sparks.

To figure out the required cast speed to get more sparks into play, divide 2 by the number of casts.

4 casts ( 24 sparks ): 2 / 4 = 0.5 seconds per cast.

5 casts ( 30 sparks ): 2 / 5 = 0.4 seconds per cast.

Note, you may have to decrease these cast times, as this the minimum time; the initial sparks will expire just as the new ones are leaving your position.

To calculate the new desired increase in casting speed, consider that if you increase your speed by 100%, you'll cut the time in half.

NewCastSpeed = OldCastSpeed / ( 1 + IncreasedSpeed )

IncreasedSpeed = OldCastSpeed / NewCastSpeed - 1

As an example, if we wanted to get to 0.5 seconds, this is an % increase of (0.65/.5 - 1)*100% = 30%

Version history

VersionChanges
3.20.0
  • The availability of existing Unique Jewels has been reviewed, and many (including Replica versions) can no longer be obtained.
    We've also rebalanced some Unique Jewels and compensated for the loss of specific jewels in the form of new modifiers or skill changes.
  • Added Eternal Labyrinth Helmet Enchantments for Spark and Ethereal Knives that cause projectiles to fire in a circle. The Spark projectile speed Helmet Enchantments and the Ethereal Knives Pierce Helmet Enchantment have been removed.
  • 3.19.0g
  • Reduced the terrain collision size of Spark and Lightning Strike projectiles by 50%. This also fixes a longstanding bug where Spark projectiles sometimes weren't created if cast up against a wall.
  • 3.17.0
  • Spark now deals 1 to 28 Lightning Damage at gem level 1 (previously 2 to 29), up to 104 to 1983 at gem level 20 (previously 70 to 1326).
  • Now fires 4 additional Projectiles at gem level 1 (unchanged), up to 7 at gem level 20 (previously 6).
  • Now has 190% Effectiveness of Added Damage at all gem levels (previously 125%).
  • 3.15.0
  • Now deals 2 to 29 Lightning Damage at gem level 1 (previously 1 to 29), up to 70 to 1326 Lightning Damage at gem level 20 (previously 63 to 1198).
  • Now has 125% Effectiveness of Added Damage.
  • 3.6.0
  • Mana Cost at gem level 20 is now 21 (was 23)
  • Now deals 1 to 20 Lightning damage at gem level 1 (unchanged) and 63 to 1198 Lightning damage at gem level 20 (from 52 to 997).
  • Now clears its hit list every 0.66 seconds (from 1 second). This means the same projectile can hit the same monster more frequently.
  • 3.3.0
  • Now deals 1-20 lightning damage at gem level 1 (same as previously), up to 52-997 damage at gem level 20 (up from 44-832).
  • Now gains 1% increased projectile speed per gem level, up to 19% increased projectile speed at gem level 20.
  • Projectiles now have a base duration of 2 seconds (up from 1.5).
  • Now has an added damage effectiveness of 100% (up from 70%).
  • 2.3.0
  • Spark and Vaal Spark projectiles (including those from monster Sparks) are now 20% slower. Quality on Spark and Vaal Spark is now worth 1% projectile speed per point of quality (rather than 2%). The time that Sparks must travel before they re-arm has been increased from 500ms to 1000ms. Spark projectiles now destroy themselves after travelling 150 units, which is in-line with other projectiles.
  • 2.2.2
  • Lowered Spark's damage in PvP by 1% per gem level up to level 10, then 2% per gem level (damage reduced by 10% at level 10, and by 30% at level 20). ''Spark's tendency to completely coat the battlefield in unavoidable damage was making PvP matches extremely unfun, especially at high levels. While this doesn't solve the core issue of spark's unavoidable damage, it should give players a chance to close the gap.''
  • 2.1.0
  • Damage has been increased in damage by 10%, and starts at 4 projectiles, increasing by an additional one at levels 9, 17 and 25.
  • 2.0.0
  • Damage increased by 76%.
  • Now grants 2% increased projectile speed per 1% quality (was 3% per 1% quality).
  • Critical Strike Chance has been increased from 5% to 6%.
  • 1.2.0
  • Spark does 20% more damage at all levels. It now bounces off Frost Walls, regardless of whether they are cast by players or monsters. The critical strike chance has been increased from 4% to 5% (this change was not listed in the official patch notes).
  • 1.1.0
  • Increased the damage of the following skills at low levels: Spark, Cold Snap, Ice Spear and to a lesser extent, Freezing Pulse and Storm Call.
  • 1.0.0
  • Damage is increased at lower levels. Spark duration has been heavily reduced.
  • 0.11.1
  • Spells with Damage Effectiveness no longer have their own damage affected by Damage Effectiveness.
    Damage values on these skills have been updated to reflect this.
  • 0.11.0b
  • Fixed a bug where Projectile Speed bonuses did not apply to Spark when used with a Spell Totem.
  • 0.11.0
  • The base critical strike chance has been reduced from 6% to 4%.
  • 0.10.0
  • Once a Spark has bounced, it'll only be able to pierce the same target again if it has been more than
    one second since the last time.
  • 0.9.11i
  • Fixed the randomness when used with Traps.
  • 0.9.7
  • Improved the effects.
  • Spark now fires three sparks by default.
  • 0.9.6
  • Changed Spark to cast four sparks by default, but it is affected less by additional damage from support gems.
  • 0.9.5g
  • Fixed Spark not being affected by Increased Duration.
  • 0.9.4c
  • Set the default critical strike chance of Spark (5.5%),
  • 0.9.3e
  • Reduced damage by 10%.
  • 0.9.3
  • Spark now defaults to casting two sparks (with reduced damage). This makes it have less variance in outdoors areas.
  • 0.9.1
  • Increased damage.
  • 0.8.3
  • Added "Spark" skill

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